Suspect chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) in a patient with:

FREQUENT,
REPEAT INFECTIONS

UNUSUALLY SEVERE
INFECTIONS

INFECTIONS FROM
A SPECIFIC
GROUP OF PATHOGENS

CGD may become apparent at any time from infancy to late adulthood; however, most affected individuals are diagnosed before age 5.1 Approximately 1 out of every 200,000 people in the United States has CGD.2

Prevention of life-threatening infections is vital for patients with CGD1-6

Life-threatening infections can be difficult to manage and may require lengthy hospitalizations.

Recovery from severe infections in CGD is often complicated by3:

  • Increased scar formation
  • Wound dehiscence
  • Stricture development

The exaggerated inflammatory response of CGD probably contributes to:

  • Dysregulated cytokine production4,5
  • Decreased apoptosis6

Life expectancy remains well below that of the general population3,7-10

Although survival has increased, infections are still the major causes
of mortality for patients with CGD.7

Left untreated, CGD can be fatal3,8

For comparison, the survival curve of the general US
population has been included.

Graph showing survival rate of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)

Kaplan-Meier survival curves for patients with X-linked and autosomal recessive CGD3

Understand the role of NADPH oxidase in superoxide production

Learn About the
Pathophysiology of CGD

Connect your patient with an expert

Find a CGD Specialist Near You

1. Leiding JW, Holland SM. Chronic granulomatous disease. In: Pagon RA, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, et al, eds. GeneReviews®. Seattle, WA: University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2018. 2. Winkelstein JA, Marino MC, Johnston RB, et al. Chronic granulomatous disease: report on a national registry of 368 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2000;79(3):155-169. 3. Kuhns DB, Alvord WG, Heller T, et al. Residual NADPH oxidase and survival in chronic granulomatous disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(27):2600-2610. 4. Lekstrom-Himes JA, Kuhns DB, Alvord WG, Gallin JI. Inhibition of human neutrophil IL-8 production by hydrogen peroxide and dysregulation in chronic granulomatous disease. J Immunol. 2005;174(1):411-417. 5. van de Veerdonk FL, Smeekens SP, Joosten LA, et al. Reactive oxygen species–independent activation of the IL-1β inflammasome in cells from patients with chronic granulomatous disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(7):3030-3033. 6. Kasahara Y, Iwai K, Yachie A, et al. Involvement of reactive oxygen intermediates in spontaneous and CD95 (Fas/APO-1)-mediated apoptosis of neutrophils. Blood. 1997;89(5):1748-1753. 7. Marciano BE, Spalding C, Fitzgerald A, et al. Common severe infections in chronic granulomatous disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(8):1176-1183. 8. Martire B, Rondelli R, Soresina A, et al. Clinical features, long-term follow-up and outcome of a large cohort of patients with chronic granulomatous disease: an Italian multicenter study. Clin Immunol. 2008;126(2):155-164. 9. Jones LBKR, McGrogan P, Flood TJ, et al. Special article: Chronic granulomatous disease in the United Kingdom and Ireland: a comprehensive national patient-based registry. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008;152(2):211-218. 10. Chronic granulomatous disorder: A guide for medical professionals. CGD Society website. Accessed September 16, 2019. https://cgdsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/CGDS-Medical-Guide.pdf